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THE DISABLING DISEASES: EPILEPSY


The word ‘epilepsy’ means ‘seizure.’ Epileptics are characterized by a loss of consciousness, momentary or prolonged, and involuntary, convulsive movements. Some people call this a fit. An epileptic seizure is the result of a temporary disturbance of the brain impulses.

In minor seizures, or petit mal, the loss of consciousness is momentary. Although there is often a twitching about the eyes or mouth, there is no change of posture, and the person appears to have had no more than a moment of absent-mindedness.

In major seizures, or grand mal, the victim falls to the floor unconscious, often foaming at the mouth, biting, and shaking his limbs violently. Involuntary bowel movements or the passage of urine may occur. The person may hurt himself during such a seizure. Fortunately, people with epilepsy frequently experience a warning, called the aura, before a major attack occurs, and this enables them to lie down and avoid falls.

Ordinary epilepsy is also called genuine epilepsy or idiopathic epilepsy, which means the cause is unknown. This is the most common type, and it is what most people have in mind when they speak of epilepsy. It usually begins early in life. This type of epilepsy is not directly inherited, although a predisposition, or tendency, to it may run in families. While the cause is still unknown, a great deal is known about it, especially in regard to treatment.

Individuals with epilepsy can hold responsible positions and lead practically normal lives, with few restrictions beyond those imposed by having to take medicine and consult their doctors.

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